PUBLIC NOTICE
MMWR- Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
MMWR News Synopsis for June 9, 2016
Electronic Cigarette Use among Working Adults — United States, 2014
Overall,
3.8 percent of US working adults use e-cigarettes. Prevalence of use
varies by sociodemographic characteristics, by industry, and by
occupation.
An estimated 5.5 million working Americans currently use electronic
cigarettes (e-cigs). Data from the 2014 National Health Interview Survey
show the highest use of e-cigs by workers was among males, non-Hispanic
whites, adults ages 18–24 years, people with an annual household income
below $35,000, and people without health insurance. The study also
found e-cigarette use was highest among workers in the accommodation and
food services industry and in food preparation and serving-related
occupations. Many workers who use e-cigarettes every day or some days
reported they also used conventional tobacco products: 16.2 percent were
current cigarette smokers, 15 percent other combustible tobacco users,
and 9.7 percent smokeless tobacco users.
Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV — Thailand, 2015
Thailand
has achieved World Health Organization elimination of HIV
mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) targets and can serve as a model for
other countries. Thailand
experienced a generalized HIV epidemic in the 1990s. HIV prevalence
among pregnant women was 2.0 percent and the MTCT rate was more than 20
percent. In June 2016, Thailand became the first country in Asia to
validate the elimination of MTCT by meeting World Health Organization
(WHO) targets. These results have been achieved through a sustained
nationwide effort involving the government, the medical community,
non-governmental organizations, and civil society. Thailand's experience
implementing a successful MTCT-prevention program might be instructive
for other countries.
Influenza Activity — United States, 2015–16 Season and Composition of the 2016–17 Influenza Vaccine
Influenza
vaccination remains the most effective way to prevent influenza illness
and its associated complications. Although influenza viruses typically
circulate at low levels during the summer months, timely empiric
antiviral treatment is recommended for patients with severe,
complicated, or progressive influenza illness and those at higher risk
for influenza complications. Treatment can be considered for others if
it can be started within 48 hours of illness onset. During
the 2015–16 U.S. influenza season influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 viruses
predominated overall, with influenza B viruses, and, to a lesser extent,
influenza A (H3N2) viruses co-circulating. It was a less severe season
overall compared with the previous three seasons, with influenza
activity starting later and continuing longer. Overall influenza
activity was moderate with a lower percentage of outpatient visits for
influenza-like illness, lower hospitalization rates, and a lower
percentage of deaths attributed to pneumonia and influenza compared with
the previous three seasons. Antigenic and genetic characterization
showed that most of the circulating viruses were well-matched to the
2015–16 Northern Hemisphere vaccine, resulting in good vaccine
effectiveness.
Notes from the Field:
- Intoxication and Deaths Associated with Ingestion of a Racing Fuel and Carbonated Soft Drink Mixture — Tennessee, January 2016
QuickStats:
- Smoking Cessation During Pregnancy — United States, 2014
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